Acne vulgaris is a polymorphous skin disorder of the sebaceous follicles that begins around the time of puberty and peaks during the teenage years. Prevalence exceeds 85% in teenagers and then declines to about 8% in 25-to 34-year olds and to 3% in 35- to 44-year-olds. More adolescent boys than girls are afflicted.
Pathophysiology of acne
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Acne is a disease of the pilosebaceous follicle, most commonly on the face, neck, and upper trunk. Acne vulgaris arises from increased sebum production. Androgenic hormones produced during the pubertal period enlarge sebaceous glands, causing increased sebum production.
Proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes is felt to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory acne lesions.
Clinical evaluation. Acne vulgaris occurs primarily on the face and (to a varying degree) the neck, upper back, chest, and shoulders. Classification is based on the number and predominant type of lesions and on the affected sites. The three distinct types are obstructive acne, inflammatory ache, and acne scars.
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