GERD Diagnosis
Esophageal endoscopy is the most popular test for initial evaluation of GERD symptoms. Barium swallow modified by a barium-coated test meal is the most sensitive test for evaluation of dysphagia. The observation of reflux of free barium into the esophagus establishes the diagnosis of GERD.
Ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring is the best test to establish the presence of abnormal acid esophageal reflux, although it provides no information about the esophageal structure or mucosa.
Treatment
Lifestyle modifications recommended for all patients with GERD:
Stop smoking cigarettes. Lose excess weight. Eat small meals Reduce consumption of caffeine, chocolate, fatty foods, alcohol, onions, peppermint, and spearmint. Elevate head of bed 6 to 9 in. Avoid tight-fitting garments
Antacids. Antacids work by neutralizing gastric acid and are indicated for treatment of occasional heartburn. Antacids have a very short duration of action, necessitating frequent dosing.
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